Role of philosophy in shaping monuments and art

Published on 26 Oct 2025

• Spiritual and Philosophical Themes: Concepts such as the cyclical nature of time, the impermanence of life, and the quest for self-realization are portrayed through art. 

• Example: The concept of impermanence (anicca) in Buddhism is symbolically depicted through sand mandalas, intricate and colourful geometric patterns 

• Sacred Architecture: Temples and stupas are built according to specific Vastu Shastra principles, representing the unity of the microcosm and macrocosm.

• Example: The design of the Brihadeshwara Temple in Thanjavur with its towering vimana (tower) representing the axis mundi, connecting the earthly realm with the divine.

• Symbolism and Allegory: Indian art is replete with symbolism and allegory, conveying profound philosophical ideas through visual representations. 

• Example: The symbol of the lotus, commonly found in Indian art and architecture

• Yoga and Meditation: Indian philosophies emphasize the practice of yoga and meditation for self-realization and spiritual growth.

• Example: The meditating statue of Lord Buddha in the Mahabodhi Temple complex in Bodh Gaya, Bihar

• Promotion of Ahimsa (Non-violence): Philosophical concepts like "ahimsa" (non-violence) have influenced art, promoting ideals of compassion, peace, and non-violence. 

• Example: The Ashoka Pillars, erected by Emperor Ashoka during the Mauryan period

• Philosophical Narratives: Philosophical texts and epics have served as inspiration for art, with their narratives depicting moral, ethical, and spiritual dilemmas. 

• Example: The portrayal of the Kurukshetra War from the Mahabharata on temple walls

• Blending of Philosophical Traditions: Indian art often reflects the synthesis of different philosophical traditions, reflecting the inclusivity and diversity of Indian philosophical thought.

• Example: The Ellora Caves in Maharashtra, India, contain a unique blend of Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain sculptures 

• Expression of Transcendence: Philosophical ideas of transcending the material world and seeking spiritual liberation find expression in art and monuments.

• Example: The Taj Mahal symbolizes love, beauty, and the eternal nature of the soul, reflecting the Sufi concept of spiritual transcendence through love.

Tags:
History & Culture

Keywords:
Role of philosophy in shaping monuments and art philosophy Indian philosophies cyclical nature of time self realization concept of impermanence Anicca sand mandalas Brihadeshwara Temple in Thanjavur Sacred Architecture Symbolism and Allegory lotous symbol Yoga and Meditation Lord Buddha The Ashoka Pillars Ahimsa The portrayal of the Kurukshetra War Ellora caves

Syllabus:
General Studies Paper 1

Topics:
Indian Heritage and Culture