Gandhism vs. Moderates

Gandhism

Moderates

Philosophy

• Non-violence (Ahimsa), truth (Satyagraha), and self-reliance (Swaraj)

• Gradual reform, constitutional methods

Approach to Independence

• Non-violent resistance, civil disobedience, and non-cooperation

• Cooperation with British, aiming to achieve reforms through dialogue

Methods of Protest

• Salt March, Non-Cooperation Movement, Quit India Movement

• Petitions, speeches, meetings, and resolutions

Goals

• Complete self-rule (Swaraj), social reforms, and upliftment of the masses

• Constitutional reforms, increased representation in government

Economic Views

• Promoted village-based, self-sufficient economies, opposed industrialization

• Focused on economic reforms, addressing issues like poverty and taxes

Social Views

• Emphasized social reforms, removal of untouchability, and communal harmony

• Emphasized social reforms through legislation and education

Belief in British Intentions

• Distrusted British intentions, sought complete independence

• Believed in the good intentions of British rule, sought to work within its framework

View on Mass Mobilization

• Engaged masses through peaceful means and non-violent protests

• Reluctant to involve the masses extensively, preferred elite-led reforms

Criticism

• Criticized for being too idealistic and passive

• Criticized for being too moderate and accommodating to British interests

Impact on Independence

• Inspired non-violent movements worldwide, foundational influence on Indian democracy

• Provided early political foundation, influenced later movements for independence