Gandhi and Ambedkar

Gandhi

Ambedkar

Philosophy

• Non-violence (Ahimsa) and truth (Satyagraha)

• Social justice, equality, and anti-caste discrimination

View on caste system

• Believed in reforming the caste system

• supported the concept of Varna (class)

• Advocated for the complete eradication of the caste system

Approach to social reform

• Emphasized moral and spiritual upliftment 

• supported gradual reform

• Advocated for legal and institutional reforms

• emphasized education and political power for the oppressed

Economic views

• Promoted village-based, self-sufficient economies

• opposed industrialization

• Supported industrialization and modern economic development

• advocated state-led planning

Religious views

• Deeply religious

• believed in the unification of all religions

• Critical of orthodox Hindu practices

• converted to Buddhism

Political Approach

• Emphasized consensus and non-violent protest

• Advocated for direct action and political representation for Dalits

Education

• Emphasized basic education for all (Nai Talim)

• Advocated for higher education and technical education for the oppressed

View on British rule

• Sought complete independence through non-violent means

• Criticized British rule but focused more on social reforms for Dalits

Social Justice

• Believed in uplifting the "untouchables" within the existing social framework

• Sought to abolish untouchability through constitutional and social reforms

Legal framework

• Did not prioritize legal solutions for social issues.

• Played a key role in drafting the Indian Constitution, emphasizing legal safeguards for the oppressed

Legacy

• Father of the Nation

• symbol of non-violent resistance

• Architect of Indian constitution 

• Icon for social justice and equality

• champion for the rights of Dalits and marginalized communities

Criticism

• Accused of being idealistic 

• criticized for his views on caste

• Criticized for his harsh critiques of Hinduism