Role of Arab and Persian traveller in reconstructing Indian history

Published on 13 Oct 2025

• Trade and Commerce: Al-Masudi documented the vibrant trade relations between India and the Arab world. 

• Example: He highlighted the exchange of commodities such as spices, textiles, indigo, sandalwood, and precious stones. 

• Religion and Philosophy: His writings connected Indian thought with that of ancient Greek philosophers, showcasing the intellectual interconnectedness of different civilizations.

• Example: He delved into Hinduism and its various sects, drawing comparisons between Sufi doctrines and Indian philosophical concepts. 

• Account on Development of Science in India: His meticulous study of Indian scientific texts helped in preserving and transmitting valuable knowledge.

• Example: He made significant contributions to the understanding of Indian astronomy, mathematics, and medicine. 

• Records of Medieval Towns: Al-Masudi mentioned the intellectual vibrancy of Indian cities like Kannauj, where he encountered scholars, poets, and thinkers engaged in intellectual discussions and exchanges. 

• Social Conditions: Abdur Razzak's observations provide insights into certain social conditions prevalent during his time in India. 

• Example: His mention of bad hygiene and polyandry in the region of Calicut offers a glimpse into certain social practices that existed during the 15th century.

Tags:
History & Culture

Keywords:
Role of Arab and Persian traveller in reconstructing Indian history foreign travellers Arab travellers persian travellers Al Masudi Al Biruni Abdur Razzak Samarqandi Rashtrakuta ruler Indra III Muruj ul Zehab The Meadows of Gold Mahmud of Ghazni Vijayanagara ruler Deva Raya II Kitab ul Hind The Book of India or The History of India Tahqiq i Hind Matla us Sa dain wa Majma ul Bahrain The Rise of Two Auspicious Constellations and the Confluence of Two Oceans sufi sufism Kannauj

Syllabus:
General Studies Paper 1

Topics:
Indian Heritage and Culture