Published on 25 Jul 2024
GeographyENSO
El Nino
La Nina
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is an oscillation in sea surface temperatures between the western and eastern Indian Ocean, affecting atmospheric conditions and weather patterns.
Mechanism:
Normal: Warmer waters in the eastern Indian Ocean near Indonesia and cooler waters in the western Indian Ocean near Africa.
Positive IOD: Western Indian Ocean warms, eastern part cools, leading to increased rainfall in Africa and India, and reduced rainfall in Indonesia and Australia.
Negative IOD: Eastern Indian Ocean warms, western part cools, causing more rainfall in Indonesia and Australia, and less in Africa and India.
Relation to El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
Positive IOD often occurs with El Nino, while negative IOD sometimes aligns more with La Nina, influencing global weather patterns including the Indian monsoon.
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