Published on 09 Jul 2024
Sci & Techgenetic engineering
Genetic Material
Commonly known as genetic engineering, involves producing artificial DNA by combining genetic materials from different sources.
This technology emerged following the discovery of restriction enzymes (proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences ) by Swiss microbiologist Werner Arber in 1968.
Key steps:
Isolation of Genetic Material: Purify the desired DNA free from other macromolecules.
Cutting the Gene: Use restriction enzymes to cut the DNA at specific sites.
Amplification via Polymerase Chain Reaction : Amplify the desired gene to produce many copies.
Ligation: Join the DNA fragment with the vector using DNA ligase enzyme
Insertion into Host: Introduce the recombinant DNA into a host cell (transformation), where it replicates and expresses the gene.
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