Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)

• The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (global MPI) is an annual international metric.

• Measures acute multidimensional poverty in over 100 developing countries.

•  It complements traditional monetary poverty measures by capturing the severe, overlapping deprivations in health, education, and living standards faced by people in poverty. 

• The global MPI is computed by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) in collaboration with the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme.

• National and global measures of multidimensional poverty and wellbeing are determined using the Alkire-Foster method, a statistical approach rooted in Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach.

Human Development Index

• The Human Development Index (HDI) is released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

• Created to emphasise that people and their capabilities should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not economic growth alone.

• In 1990 the first Human Development Report introduced a new approach for advancing human wellbeing.

• The human development approach, developed by the economist Mahbub Ul Haq,anchored in the Nobel laureate Amartya Sen’s work on human capabilities