Finance Commission



Published on 21 Mar 2025

  • The Sixteenth Finance Commission was constituted with Shri Arvind Panagariya, former Vice-Chairman, NITI Aayog as its Chairman.
  • The Finance Commission (FC) is a constitutionally mandated body that is envisaged as the balancing wheel of fiscal federalism in India.
  • Article 280 of the constitution provides for a Finance Commission as a quasi judicial body, constituted by the President every 5th year or at such earlier time as he/she considers necessary.

Composition:

  • The Finance Commission consists of a chairman and 4 other members to be appointed by the President.
  • They hold office for such a period as specified by the President and are eligible for reappointment.
  •  The constitution authorizes the parliament to determine the qualifications of members of the commission and the manner in which they should be selected.

 Functions:

  • The FC is required to make recommendations to the President on the following matters.
  • The distribution of net proceeds of taxes to be shared between the centre and the states and the allocation between the states of the respective shares of such proceeds.
  • The principles that should govern the grants-in-aid to the states.
  •  The measures needed to augment the consolidated fund of a State to supplement the resources of the panchayats and municipalities on the recommendations made by the state finance commission.
  • Any other matter referred to it by the President in the interests of sound finance.
  • Recommendations made by the FC are only of advisory nature.

Keywords:

Finance commission Article 280 Fiscal federalism