Finance Commission



Published on 07 Jan 2025

Finance Commission

• The Sixteenth Finance Commission was constituted with Shri Arvind Panagariya, former Vice-Chairman, NITI Aayog as its Chairman.

• The Finance Commission (FC) is a constitutionally mandated body that is envisaged as the balancing wheel of fiscal federalism in India.

• Article 280 of the constitution provides for a Finance Commission as a quasi judicial body, constituted by the President every 5th year or at such earlier time as he/she considers necessary.

Composition

  • The Finance Commission consists of a chairman and 4 other members to be appointed by the President.
  • They hold office for such a period as specified by the President and are eligible for reappointment.
  • The constitution authorizes the parliament to determine the qualifications of members of the commission and the manner in which they should be selected.

Functions

  1. The FC is required to make recommendations to the President on the following matters. 
  2. The distribution of net proceeds of taxes to be shared between the centre and the states and the allocation between the states of the respective shares of such proceeds.
  3. The principles that should govern the grants-in-aid to the states.
  4. The measures needed to augment the consolidated fund of a State to supplement the resources of the panchayats and municipalities on the recommendations made by the state finance commission.
  5. Any other matter referred to it by the President in the interests of sound finance.

Recommendations made by the FC are only of advisory nature.

Keywords:

Finance Commission Article 280 fiscal federalism