Published on 26 Aug 2025
The Mauryan rulers, particularly Emperor Ashoka (268 BCE to 232 BCE), were instrumental in the patronage and propagation of Buddhism, and architecture served as a potent medium to spread Buddhist ideals and principles.
Construction of stupa: Emperor Ashoka commissioned the construction of numerous stupas to enshrine relics of the Buddha and his disciples which served as important pilgrimage sites, attracting Buddhist devotees and promoting the faith.
Example: Sanchi stupa has been a visual representation of Buddhism.
Rock and pillar edict: The Ashokan edicts on rocks and pillars conveyed moral and ethical teachings advocating non-violence, religious tolerance, and social welfare – all in line with Buddhist principles.
Example: Sarnath pillar emphasizes principles of non-violence and religious tolerance.
Chaityas and Viharas: The Mauryan era chaityas and viharas were adorned with sculptures and carvings which depicted scenes from the life of Buddha and Buddhist mythology.
Example: Barabar caves were used by Buddhists monks to conduct religious ceremonies.
Palace architecture: Buddhist motifs and designs were present at royal palaces which indicated the emperor’s support for Buddhism.
Example: Presence of Buddhist motifs in Ashoka’s palace at Pataliputra.
Buddhist art and iconography: The artistic representation of Buddhist philosophy and Jataka tales through carvings on pillars, stupas and caves aided in popularizing the Buddhist ideas.
These architectural marvels continue to be revered by Buddhists and historians alike, showcasing the enduring legacy of Buddhism during the Mauryan period.
History & Culture
Role of Mauryan architecture in promoting Buddhism
Mauryan architecture
Buddhism
architecture
Ashoka
Mauryan kingdom
Dhamma
stupa
sanchi stupa
rock eddict
pillar edict
saranath pillar
chaitya
vihara
Palace architecture
Barabar cave
General Studies Paper 1
Art and Architecture